Typically, for every ton of ore that is mined, 5 tons of overburden is displaced. Waste rock or overburden refers to the often large mass of initial soil and rock that is removed to get to the valuable mineral deposits. Then, as the material is processed and finely ground, even more, waste, called mine tailings, will need to be removed from the site. When extracting the seams, the additional waste rock will be removed to get to the actual ore, called gangue. Once the overburden has been removed, the seams can be extracted. First, to access the actual seams or veins of ore, the top layers of rock, or overburden, must be removed. Open pit mining has several stages of waste. Mine tailings is another waste material that must be removed from the site. When the gangue is processed (finely ground) more waste material is produced which is called mine tailings. This additional waste rock is called gangue. When extracting the seams, there is additional waste rock that must be separated from the ore. First, to access the actual seams or veins of ore, the top layers of rock or overburden must be removed.
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